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Ceuta Crossings: Migration and Fallout
Key Takeaways
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• Official estimates suggest that 60,000 to 70,000 people crossed into Ceuta between July 30th and August 2nd.
• Most of those who crossed were likely Moroccan nationals.
• Spain’s Prime Minister has not declared a state of emergency in Ceuta.
• The crossings come after the Spanish Prime Minister visited Algeria.
• Spanish intelligence services accused Morocco of “permitting” the crossings.
• EU Member States have called for reinforcing border security and suspending Schengen Zone agreements with Spain.
Information Cutoff: 3 August 2026 – 15:30 UTC-5.
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Summary
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Based on official statistics available at the time, we concluded on July 30th that between 1,200 and 2,000 migrants had crossed from Morocco into the Spanish city of Ceuta. Those estimates have since risen to between 60,000 and 70,000, with over 90% of those who crossed having reportedly returned to Morocco (1). This blog post examines the diplomatic fallout of the crossings.
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Initial Reports
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On July 30th, 2026, Spanish news source El Faro de Ceuta reported that “thousands” of Moroccans had crossed the maritime border into Spain (2). French and American news sites France 24 and AP News later independently corroborated these reports, claiming that the 1,200 to 2,000 migrants who had attempted to cross the border were “mostly Moroccan” (3). The migrants can be heard speaking in the Darija dialect of Arabic in public videos of the incident, supporting this claim.
The number of arrivals represents a 400% increase from the daily average of 300 crossings into Ceuta (4). According to both video footage and independent news coverage, most people “swam” into Ceuta in an attempt to cross over. Our analysts independently verified video footage of the crossings shared widely online (5). A combination of metadata and visual clues within the footage confirm that the video was captured in Ceuta’s Playa del Tarajal at between 12:45 and 13:00 (presumably UTC+2), though the latter more likely represents the time at which the poster uploaded the footage. These clues suggest that the footage is legitimate (moderate confidence) (a). It should be noted, however, that online claims that “tens of thousands” of migrants have crossed into Ceuta were not, at the time, supported by available data.
July 30th’s incident mirrors previous increases in border crossings into Ceuta. In 2021, for example, 8,000 people reportedly crossed the border over two days (6). At least 4,000 people subsequently returned to Morocco. Since July 30th, official reports state 83 people have reportedly died during the crossing, with higher casualty rates expected should crossings continue (7). While Ceuta’s leadership has asked Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez to declare a state of emergency, close the border with Morocco, and dispatch military units to the autonomous city (8), the Spanish Ministry of the Interior has thus far claimed that no legal base exists for such intervention (9).
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Diplomatic Overtures
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Spanish Prime Minster Visited Algeria Before the Crossings
On July 20th, Spanish Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez visited Algeria, the Polisario Front’s main sponsor and Morocco’s eastern neighbor. The Polisario Front is an armed group operating in the disputed Western Sahara Territories. Though the United States, France, Israel, and Spain back Rabat’s territorial claim to the Western Sahara (b) (10), Algeria supports the formation of an independent Sahrawi state in the disputed territories (11). Russia and China officially remain neutral on the issue, reflecting simultaneous engagement with both Algiers and Rabat (12). Although Algeria acts as one of Spain’s main fuel suppliers, their bilateral relations stalled following Spanish recognition of Moroccan sovereignty over the Western Sahara in 2022 (13). With the reintroduction of a strategic partnership and multiple state visits in 2026, however, relations have once again begun to warm (14).
Spanish Intelligence Accuses Rabat of “Permitting” the Crossings
The growing ties between Madrid and Algiers have fueled speculation that Rabat allowed the crossings into Ceuta. Prior to the incident, Spanish intelligence services reportedly assessed that Morocco would conduct a “magnanimous display” at the border during Morocco’s Throne Day on July 30th (15). Moreover, the assessments concluded that, while Rabat had not “planned” the crossings, the Moroccan authorities did likely “permit” them (16). This mirrors a 2021 incident in which Moroccan Minister of State for Human Rights Mustapha Ramid framed similarly unregulated crossings as the result of Spain “hosting the head of a [Polisario] group that took up arms against [Morocco]” (17). However, these claims have not been independently verified and remain subject to revision. Madrid maintains that “trafficking gangs” and a recent Supreme Court ruling caused the incident, while Rabat denies any allegations of involvement with the crossings (18).
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EU Reactions
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EU Member States have called for differing responses to the crossings. On July 31st, Rome suspended a Schengen free travel agreement with Madrid for a month. In practice, this will introduce additional screenings at the Italian border (19). Though Paris faced political pressure, Emmanuel Macron’s government ultimately supported Spain’s continued status within the Schengen Zone and reinforced security controls along the Franco-Spanish border (20). Denmark, Finland, and Austria have also called for Spain’s status in the Schengen Zone to be suspended (21).
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Sources
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- https://elpais.com/espana/2026-08-03/ultima-hora-de-la-entrada-de-inmigrantes-a-ceuta-en-directo.html; https://es.euronews.com/my-europe/2026/08/02/el-gobierno-espanol-recibio-avisos-de-inteligencia-sobre-la-avalancha-en-ceuta-dias-antes-
- Ceuta en alerta: un descontrol absoluto, miles de marroquíes por el espigón.
- https://www.france24.com/es/europa/20260730-crisis-migratoria-en-ceuta-qu%C3%A9-est%C3%A1-pasando-y-por-qu%C3%A9-el-gobierno-espa%C3%B1ol-rechaza-declarar-la-emergencia-nacional; Thousands break through border separating Spain’s Ceuta from Morocco | AP News.
- Crisis migratoria en Ceuta: ¿qué está pasando y por qué el Gobierno español rechaza declarar la emergencia nacional? – France 24
- Inevitable West on X: “🚨BREAKING: An emergency has now been declared in the Spanish city of Ceuta after tens of thousands of illegal migrants break in from Morocco Pedro Sánchez is REFUSING to deploy the military to defend the borders. 🇪🇸 https://t.co/OvtzvEZxBs” / X
- Al menos 4.000 migrantes han sido regresados de Ceuta a Marruecos – France 24
- https://www.nbcnews.com/world/europe/spains-ceuta-overwhelmed-thousands-remain-migrant-border-rush-rcna590549
- https://elfarodeceuta.es/ceuta-reclama-declaracion-emergencia-nacional-presion-migratoria-pide-despliegue-ejercito/
- Crisis migratoria en Ceuta: ¿qué está pasando y por qué el Gobierno español rechaza declarar la emergencia nacional? – France 24
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https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/Joint-Declaration-US-Morocco-Israel.pdf
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https://www.mfa.gov.dz/announcements/statement-of-the-ministry-of-foreign-affairs-western-sahara-1
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https://www.sahrawi-emb-au.com/russia-reaffirms-its-commitment-to-the-sahrawi-peoples-right-to-self-determination-and-calls-for-a-just-settlement-of-the-western-sahara-conflict/; https://embbucharest.mfa.gov.dz/en/news-and-press-releases/mr-attaf-held-a-telephone-conversation-with-his-chinese-counterpart; https://www.securitycouncilreport.org/un_documents_type/security-council-resolutions/?ctype=Western%20Sahara&cbtype=western-sahara
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https://elpais.com/espana/2021-05-19/que-esta-pasando-en-ceuta-claves-de-la-crisis-entre-espana-y-marruecos.html; https://www.reuters.com/world/moroccan-minister-links-ceuta-crossings-polisario-leaders-hospitalisation-2021-05-19/
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https://elpais.com/espana/2026-07-31/sanchez-denuncia-una-violacion-de-la-integridad-territorial-de-espana-tras-la-llegada-de-miles-de-inmigrantes-irregulares-a-ceuta.html; https://www.npr.org/2026/08/03/nx-s1-5915771/morocco-denies-responsibility-for-events-at-its-border-with-spain-as-deaths-near-100
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https://elpais.com/expres/2026-08-01/claves-para-entender-la-crisis-migratoria-de-ceuta-la-mayor-entrada-irregular-de-la-historia-reciente-de-espana.html; https://x.com/Antonio_Tajani/status/2083236341358194830
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https://x.com/EmmanuelMacron/status/2083223378031239204; https://x.com/MLP_officiel/status/2083077201461711135
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https://www.aa.com.tr/en/europe/finland-austria-join-italys-call-for-schengen-border-closures-after-mass-migrant-arrivals-in-spains-ceuta/4015081; https://www.thelocal.dk/20260731/mette-frederiksen-we-should-consider-suspending-schengen-agreement-with-spain
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Endnotes
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a. Confidence was limited by uncertainty over whether the time displayed in the metadata represented time of upload or time of capture. Should it represent the time of upload, the photos may originate from a date earlier than July 30th, 2026.
b. The claim includes a provision under which Rabat would keep the Western Sahara territories while offering limited autonomy.